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2일차 본문

기본개념/C#
2일차
Beabletoet 2018. 1. 18. 12:55

스레드

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading; // 스레드 사용
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Fa()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 99; ++i)
                Console.WriteLine("a{0}", i);
        }
        static void Fb()
        {
            for (int i = 98; i > -1; --i)
                Console.WriteLine("b{0}", i);
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Thread t1 = new Thread(Fa);
            Thread t2 = new Thread(Fb);
            t1.Start();
            t2.Start();
        }
    }
}
cs



스레드 종료 대기

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Fa()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 99; ++i)
                Console.WriteLine("a{0}", i);
        }
        static void Fb()
        {
            for (int i = 98; i > -1; --i)
                Console.WriteLine("b{0}", i);
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Thread t1 = new Thread(Fa);
            Thread t2 = new Thread(Fb);
            t1.Start();
            t2.Start();
            t1.Join(); // t1이 끝날때까지 대기
            Console.WriteLine("t1끝");
            t2.Join();
            Console.WriteLine("t2끝");
        }
    }
}
 
cs


스레드 강제 종료 // 사용을 하지 않는 것을 추천. goto문과 같은 금기라고 보면 됨.


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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading; // 스레드 사용
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static Thread t1 = new Thread(Fa);
        static Thread t2 = new Thread(Fb);
        static void Fa()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 99; ++i)
            {
                if (i > 2)
                    t1.Abort(); // 스레드 강제 종료
                Console.WriteLine("a{0}", i);
            }
        }
        static void Fb()
        {
            for (int i = 98; i > -1; --i)
                Console.WriteLine("b{0}", i);
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            t2.Start();
            t1.Start();
        }
    }
}
cs


스레드 지연

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading; // 스레드 사용
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static Thread t1 = new Thread(Fa);
        static Thread t2 = new Thread(Fb);
        static void Fa()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 99; ++i)
            {   //스레드가 200밀리초 동안 지연
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);
                Console.WriteLine("a{0}", i);
            }
        }
        static void Fb()
        {
            for (int i = 98; i > -1; --i)
            {   //스레드가 100밀리초 동안 지연
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
                Console.WriteLine("b{0}", i);
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            t2.Start();
            t1.Start();
        }
    }
}
cs


스레드 일시정지

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading; // 스레드 사용
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static Thread t1 = new Thread(Fa);
        static Thread t2 = new Thread(Fb);
        static void Fa()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 99; ++i)
            {
                if (i == 50)
                    t1.Suspend();//일시정지
                Console.WriteLine("a{0}", i);
            }
        }
        static void Fb()
        {
            for (int i = 98; i > -1; --i)
            {   
                Console.WriteLine("b{0}", i);
            }
            t1.Resume();//t2가 끝나면 일시정지 해제
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            t2.Start();
            t1.Start();
        }
    }
}
cs


델리게이트

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading; // 스레드 사용
 
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        //델리게이트 생성
        public delegate int Cal(int a, int b);
        public static int add(int a, int b)
        {
            return a+b;
        }
        public static int sub(int a, int b)
        {
            return a-b;
        }
        public static int mul(int a, int b)
        {
            return a*b;
        }
        public static int div(int a, int b)
        {
            return a/b;
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //델리게이트를 통해 스레드 사용
            int x = 200, y = 50;
            Cal a = new Cal(add);
            Cal s = new Cal(sub);
            Cal m = new Cal(mul);
            Cal d = new Cal(div);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\n{1}\n{2}\n{3}", a(x, y), s(x, y), m(x, y), d(x, y));
        }
    }
}
cs


--


클래스


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    class Program
    {
        class Phone
        {
            string model;
            int ver;
            public void Call()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("전화");
            }
            public void Web()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("인터넷");
            }
            public void Photo()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("카메라");
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Phone p = new Phone();
            p.Call();
            p.Web();
            p.Photo();
        }
    }
cs
private / protected(상속 시 외부 접근 가능) / public

sealed(상속 봉인. 상속이 불가능해지며, 이런 클래스를 봉인 클래스라고 함)



생성자와 소멸자

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    class Program
    {
        class Phone
        {
            string model;
            int ver;
            public Phone() // 생성자
            {
                model = "iPhoneX";
                ver = 11;
            }
            ~Phone() // 소멸자
            {
                Console.WriteLine("종료");
            }
            public void Call()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("전화");
            }
            public void Print()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0} / {1}", model, ver);
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Phone p = new Phone();
            p.Print();
        }
    }
cs



상속


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namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Character
    {
        public void Atk()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("공격");
        }
    }
    class Healer : Character // 캐릭터 상속
    {
        public void Heal()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("힐");
        }
    }
    class Magician : Character
    {
        public void Magic()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("마법");
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Healer h = new Healer();
            Magician m = new Magician();
            h.Atk();
            h.Heal();
            m.Atk();
            m.Magic();
        }
    }
}
cs


is와 as

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    class Program
    {
        class Phone
        {
        }
        class Iphone : Phone
        {
            public void Os()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ios");
            }
        }
        class Galaxy : Phone
        {
            public void Os()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("android");
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Phone new1 = new Iphone();
            Iphone i;
            //is는 객체가 해당 형식인지 검사해 bool로 return
            if(new1 is Iphone)
            {
                i = (Iphone)new1;
                i.Os();
            }
            Phone new2 = new Galaxy();
            //as는 형식 변환을 하되, 변환이 실패시 null이 됨
            Galaxy g = new2 as Galaxy;
            if (g != null)
                g.Os();
            //new1은 Iphone이었기에 변환이 실패
            Galaxy g2 = new1 as Galaxy;
            if (g2 != null)
                g2.Os();
            else
                Console.WriteLine("error");
        }
    }
cs



override


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    class Iphone
    {
        public virtual void Init()
        { // virtual로 오버라이딩을 통해 재정의 가능
            Console.WriteLine("ios");
        }
    }
    class Iphonex : Iphone
    {
        public override void Init()
        { // 오버라이딩
            base.Init();
            Console.WriteLine("Upgrade phone");
        }
    }
    class Ipad : Iphone
    {
        public override void Init()
        { // 오버라이딩
            base.Init();
            Console.WriteLine("size up");
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Iphone i = new Iphone();
            i.Init();
            Console.WriteLine("---");
            Iphone x = new Iphonex();
            x.Init();
            Console.WriteLine("---");
            Iphone big = new Ipad();
            big.Init();
        }
    }
cs


메소드 숨기기


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    class Iphone
    {
        public void Ver()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("iphone");
        }
    }
    class Ipad : Iphone
    {
        public new void Ver()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("ipad");
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Iphone i1 = new Iphone();
            i1.Ver(); // Iphone 클래스의 Ver
 
            Ipad i2 = new Ipad();
            i2.Ver(); // Ipad 클래스의 Ver
 
            Iphone i3 = new Ipad();
            i3.Ver(); // Iphone 클래스의 Ver
        }
    }
cs


중첩 클래스

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    class Program
    {
        private int a = 1;
 
        class Inner
        {
            public void PrivateBreak()
            {
                Program p = new Program();
                Console.WriteLine("{0}", p.a);
                //중첩 클래스를 이용하면
                //상위 클래스의 프라이빗 멤버임에도
                //접근이 가능해진다.
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Inner i = new Inner();
            i.PrivateBreak();
        }
    }
cs

중첩 클래스를 사용할 때 : 클래스 외부에 공개하고 싶지 않은 형식을 만들 때와 현재 클래스의 일부분처럼 표현하고픈 클래스를 만들 때. 은닉성은 파괴되지만 더 유연한 표현성을 제공.



분할 클래스

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    partial class A
    {   // 분할 클래스. 클래스의 구현이 길어질 경우
        // 여러 파일에 나눠 구현할 수 있도록 함
        public void Say()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("1");
        }
        public void Say2()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("2");
        }
    }
    partial class A
    {
        public void Say3()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("3");
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            A a = new A();
            a.Say();
            a.Say2();
            a.Say3();
        }
    }
cs



확장 메소드

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    /* 확장 메소드 : 기존의 클래스를 확장하는 기법.
     * 아래는 int에 제곱 연산 기능을 추가한 것이다.
     * static 한정자를 사용해야 하고, 메소드를 선언하고
     * 첫 매개 변수는 this 키워드와 함께 
     * 확장하고픈 클래스(형식)의 인스턴스를 사용한다.
     */
    public static class IntPower
    {
        public static int Power(this int i, int e)
        {
            int r = i;
            for (int j = 1; j < e; ++j)
                r *= i;
            return r;
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}^2 : {1}", 3, 3.Power(2));
            Console.WriteLine("{0}^{1} : {2}", 3, 3, 3.Power(3));
            Console.WriteLine("{0}^{1} : {2}", 2, 10, 2.Power(10));
        }
    }
cs



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